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Lloyd Tilghman (January 26, 1816–May 16, 1863) was a railroad construction engineer and a Confederate general in the American Civil War, killed at the Battle of Champion Hill. He is best known for his inept defense of Fort Henry, Tennessee, in 1862.

Early life - Lloyd Tilghman was born in "Rich Neck Manor", Claiborne, Maryland to James Tilghman, the son of Revolutionary War Lieutenant Colonel Tench Tilghman, and Ann C. Shoemaker Tilghman. He attended the United States Military Academy and graduated near the bottom of his class in 1836. He was commissioned a brevet second lieutenant in the 1st U.S. Dragoons, but resigned his commission after three months. He worked as a construction engineer on a number of railroads in the South and in Panama, except for a period in which he returned to the Army as a captain in the Maryland and Washington, D.C. Volunteer Artillery (August 1847 to July 1848). In 1852, he took up residence in Paducah, Kentucky.

Civil War - Lloyd Tilghman was commissioned Colonel of the 3rd Kentucky Infantry on July 5, 1861, just shortly after the start of the American Civil War, at age 45,. He was promoted to brigadier general in the Confederate States Army on October 18. When General Albert Sidney Johnston was looking for an officer to create defensive positions on the vulnerable Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers, somehow Tilghman's presence in his department was unknown to him and another officer was selected. However, the Richmond government pointed out Tilghman's engineering background and he was finally chosen for the task. The original sites for Forts Henry and Donelson were selected by another general, Daniel S. Donelson, but Tilghman was then placed in command and ordered to construct them. The geographic placement of Fort Henry was extremely poor, sited on a floodplain of the Tennessee River, but Tilghman did not object to its location until it was too late. (Afterward, he wrote bitterly in his report that Fort Henry was in a "wretched military position. ... The history of military engineering records no parallel to this case.") And he also was desultory in managing the needed construction for it and the small Fort Heiman, located on the Kentucky bank of the Tennessee, and quarreled with the engineers assigned to the task. He did manage to do a more credible job on the construction of Fort Donelson, which was sited on dry ground, commanding the river. On February 6, 1862, an army under Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and gunboats under Flag Officer Andrew H. Foote attacked Fort Henry and Tilghman was forced to surrender. (This was not his first encounter with Grant. Tilghman was in Paducah when Grant captured that city the previous September.) Prior to doing so, he led the vast majority of his garrison troops on the 12-mile road to Fort Donelson, and then returned to surrender with a handful of artillerymen who were left defending the fort. The biggest factor in the defeat of Fort Henry was not the naval artillery or Grant's infantry; it was the rising flood waters of the Tennessee, which flooded the powder magazines and forced a number of the guns out of action. (If Grant's attack had been delayed by two days, the battle would have never occurred because the fort was by then entirely underwater.) Tilghman was imprisoned as a prisoner of war at Fort Warren in Boston and was not released until August 15, when he was exchanged for Union General John F. Reynolds. Tilghman is remembered for his bravery and gallantry in surrendering with his men, but he was derelict in his duty by abandoning the command of his garrison, which was responsible for the defense of both Henry and Donelson. (He was replaced by Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd at Donelson, whose army fought gallantly under poor leadership and was surrendered to Grant on February 16.) Returning to the field in the fall of 1862, Tilghman became a brigade commander in Mansfield Lovell's division of Earl Van Dorn's Army of the West, following the Second Battle of Corinth. In the Vicksburg Campaign of 1863, he was hit in the chest by a shell fragment and killed in the Battle of Champion Hill. He is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery, New York City.

In Memoriam - Paducah Tilghman High School in Paducah, Kentucky, is named in honor of General Tilghman. It was formerly named by his sons for Augusta Tilghman. The Lloyd Tilghman House and Civil War Museum is set up at the Tilghman homestead in Paducah.

September 13, 2017 - "PADUCAH, KY. (AP) - A tense public debate is ongoing in a Kentucky city about whether to move a statue of Confederate Gen. Lloyd Tilghman. The Paducah Sun reports the Paducah City Commission took public comments at their Tuesday meeting about the potential removal of the statue, which is located in a public park. Commissioners didn't make a decision about how to handle the statue. A wide range of views were represented. Craig Cain of the Sons of the Confederate Veterans said keeping the statue is a matter of preserving southern heritage. Resident Dawn Smith said, "The same southern ancestors you are hoping to honor inflicted campaigns of terror against mine." Mayor Brandi Harless thanked attendees and asked them to ask themselves, "How can I understand what racism in 2017 looks like?"

1. 1406: Tillman, S. Frederick. (1962). Spes alit agricolam: (Hope sustains the farmer): covering the years 1225 to 1961 of the Tilghman (Tillman) and allied families. [Chevy Chase, Md.: s.n., 1962.], pg 69

Graduated West Point, Class of 1836, resigned from US Army and joined the Confederate States Army serving with the rank of Brigadier General. Killed in action at Baker's Creek Miss. in May 1863.

Civil War Confederate Brigadier General. He was a graduate of West Point in 1836, served in the Mexican War and was a railroad civil engineer. At the start of the Civil War, he took into the Confederate service as Colonel of the 3rd Kentucky Regiment. Promoted Brigadier General in October 1861, after a vigorous defense at Fort Henry on February 6, 1862, he surrendered to the Federals and was sent as a prisoner to Fort Warren, in Boston Harbor. On being prisoner exchanged, he took command of an artillery regiment which fought at the Battle of Corinth in the fall of 1862. During the Vicksburg Campaign of 1863, he was hit in the chest by a shell fragment and killed at the Battle of Champion Hill.

Bio by: John "J-Cat" Griffith

Tilghman, Lloyd BATTLE UNIT NAME: General and Staff Officers, Non-Regimental Enlisted Men, CSA SIDE: Confederacy COMPANY: SOLDIER'S RANK IN: Brigadier General SOLDIER'S RANK OUT: Brigadier General ALTERNATE NAME: FILM NUMBER: M818 ROLL 24 PLAQUE NUMBER: NOTES: none