
Azorean immigration in Brazil was encouraged by Portugal's interest in populating the territory of Brazil Colony, an alternative employed to prevent the exploitation of new Portuguese lands by other nationalities.
The coming of Azorean immigrants is very linked to the immigration of Portuguese in Brazil. After possession of the land in the new world that belonged to Portugal, it showed no immediate interest in exploring the site. The fact that there was no precious metals in the early years of colonization in Brazil and also the most interesting profits from spices in the East was important to determine Portugal's behavior compared to Brazil. Only when other nationalities, such as the French, threatened to explore the territory that the Portuguese paid the importance of colonizing the new lands to prevent attacks from other peoples.
To occupy the territory of Brazil belonging to Portugal, the Azoreans received advantages. The first wave of Azorean couples arrived in Brazil in 1617 and then the migratory flow would maintain until the twentieth century. The captaincies of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul were the main destinations of Azorean immigration in Brazil, the two regions were taken as important for colonization, which would ensure the presence of the Portuguese and guaranteed the possession of the land. The population of Santa Catariana, specifically, more than doubled due to the presence of the Azoreans.
The inhabitants of the Azores archipelago had, in addition to the incentives offered by the Portuguese Crown, many other reasons to emigrate. Because of the weak development of the islands, which based their economy on wheat and pastel, the natives began to live in difficult conditions. Added to the economic element the issue of demographic growth that further increased the dispute for access to good living in the Azores. In the eighteenth century, the products that marked especially the economy of the archipelago no longer guaranteed the necessary commercial return. By this scenario, the Azoreans opted for emigration to Brazil.
It is in the eighteenth century itself that the migratory current of Azoreans to Brazil gains remarkable proportions, driven by the factors previously presented. Even the introduction of new cultures in the Azorean economy was not able to improve conditions, as Brazil had been housed for a long time, the best way out for the natives was to emigrate.
Already during the eighteenth century and especially in the nineteenth century, when the numbers of the immigration current are larger, the destination of the Azoreans in Brazil is much more diverse. The occupation of such a people in the captaincies of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul that occurred once due to the risk of invasions of other peoples had already been changed, fate had become free. The Azoreans were distributed through Bahia, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Amazonas, Pará and Paraíba as well. These regions have Azorean colonies that maintain old customs and the culture of their place of origin.
In the twentieth century Azorean immigration remained existing, only in the 1910s emigrated to Brazil about 2,740 Azoreans. Number that grew even more in the next decade. However, Getúlio Vargas's rise to power has been born restrictive measures of immigration in Brazil and forced the reduction of the entry of peoples, not only as the Azoreans, but of all nationalities.
However, it is still remarkable today the brands of Azorean immigration in Brazil that began in the still initial phase of colonial Brazil. Because there is an older presence, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul are the states with the largest marks of Azorean immigration.
Source:
- http://assisbrasil.org/imigra.html
- http://www.eccn.edu.pt/ap/pelopicoadentro/omeusite2/ilha%20do%20pic...
- http://www.reginadelmare.com.br/galeria.php
- http://renehass.blogspot.com/2009/04/porto-alegre-237-anos.html
- http://cifrantiga.blogspot.com/2006/12/itaja-02-imigrao-aoriana.html
- http://www.portaldodivino.com/acores/emigracao.htm
Texto de autoria de Antonio Gasparetto Junior obtido em http://www.infoescola.com/historia/imigracao-acoriana-no-brasil/
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