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The 'President of the Argentine Nation' is the head of state, head of government, politically responsible for the general administration of the country and commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic. The president heads the executive branch of the Argentine government and is elected together with the vice president in the same formula.
Bernardino Rivadavia was appointed "President of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata", position and title created by law of Congress of February 8, 1826. After his resignation, the position disappeared in Argentine legislation until in 1853 a a new constitution that restored the position, providing that the election was held for six years, without the possibility of immediate reelection; the appointment was made by indirect voting in an Electoral College and if no candidate obtained more than half of the votes, the Congress decided between the two most voted. Justo José de Urquiza was the first elected according to the new regime and held the position as "President of the Argentine Confederation", as did his successor, Santiago Derqui, who after the constitutional reforms of 1860, assumed as "President of the Argentine Nation ", title in force to date.
The constitutional reform of 1949 provided for the election of the President by direct vote by simple plurality of votes and with the possibility of reelection without limitations. The military government that emerged from the 1955 coup, which ratified the 1957 constitutional convention, returned to the 1853 regime. The government that emerged from the 1966 military coup limited the term of office to four years through a transitory statute that only applied to an election because then it was not ratified.
As of the reform of the Argentine Constitution of 1994, the mandate lasts four years with the possibility of an immediate reelection, being able to repeat the mandate again after a period has elapsed and it arises from elections with direct suffrage and with the possibility of a second electoral round.
Currently the Casa Rosada, located on the Plaza de Mayo, is the seat of the executive power of the Argentine Nation.
The citizen who is President of the Nation is also Grand Master of the two most important orders conferred by the Argentine State: the Order of the Liberator San Martín and the Order of May. He is also Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces.
This list lists the presidents of the Argentine Republic, title of the head of state and head of government of Argentina, the highest political position in the country by influence and recognition.
There were 59 presidencies and 49 presidents since five were re-elected, 3 died during their office due to natural causes, 16 were de facto and 2 held office but not with the title of President. Bernardino Rivadavia was the first president of the nation, appointed as "president of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata", position and title created by the law of Congress of February 8, 1826 (he governed only Buenos Aires). Justo José de Urquiza was the first constitutional president and the third of the nation; he served as head of state as "President of the Argentine Confederation" according to the original Constitution of 1853 (he governed all the provinces except Buenos Aires). Bartolomé Miter was the fourth constitutional president and the sixth of the nation; he carried out the position with the title of "President of the Argentine Nation" already with the unified country.
List of Presidents of Argentina
- Bernardino Rivadavia - February 8, 1826 to July 7, 1827
- Vicente López y Planes - July 7, 1827 to August 17, 1827
- Justo José de Urquiza - March 5, 1854 to March 5, 1860
- Santiago Derqui - March 5, 1860 to November 5, 1861
- Juan Esteban Pedernera - November 5, 1861 to December 12, 1861
- Bartolomé Mitre - April 12, 1862 to October 12, 1868
- Domingo Faustino Sarmiento - October 12, 1868 to October 12, 1874
- Nicolás Avellaneda - October 12, 1874 to October 12, 1880
- Julio Argentino Roca - October 12, 1880 to October 12, 1886
- Miguel Juárez Celman -October 12, 1886 to August 6, 1890
- Miguel Carlos Pellegrini - August 6, 1890 to October 12, 1892
- Luis Sáenz Peña -October 12, 1892 to January 23, 1895
- José Evaristo Uriburu - January 23, 1895 to October 12, 1898
- Julio Argentino Roca - October 12, 1898 to October 12, 1904
- Manuel Quintana - October 12, 1904 to March 12, 1906
- José Figueroa Alcorta - March 12, 1906 to October 12, 1910
- Roque Sáenz Peña - October 12, 1910 to August 9, 1914
- Victorino de la Plaza - August 9, 1914 to October 12, 1916
- Hipólito Yrigoyen - October 12, 1916 to October 12, 1922
- Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear - October 12, 1922 to October 12, 1928
- Hipólito Yrigoyen - October 12, 1928 to September 6, 1930
- José Félix Uriburu - September 6, 1930 to February 20, 1932
- Agustín Pedro Justo - February 20, 1932 to February 20, 1938
- Roberto Marcelino Ortiz - February 20, 1938 to June 27, 1942
- Ramón Castillo - June 27, 1942 to June 4, 1943
- Arturo Rawson - June 4, 1943 to June 7, 1943
- Pedro Pablo Ramírez - June 7, 1943 to March 9, 1944
- Edelmiro Julián Farrell - March 9, 1944 to June 4, 1946
- Juan Domingo Perón - June 4, 1946 to June 4, 1952
- Juan Domingo Perón - June 4, 1952 to September 21, 1955
- Eduardo Lonardi - September 21, 1955 to November 13, 1955
- Pedro Eugenio Aramburu - November 13, 1955 to May 1, 1958
- Arturo Frondizi - May 1, 1958 to March 29, 1962
- José María Guido - March 29, 1962 to October 12, 1963
- Arturo Umberto Íllia - October 12, 1963 to June 28, 1966
- Juan Carlos Onganía - June 28, 1966 to June 8, 1970
- Roberto Marcelo Levingston - June 8, 1970 to March 22, 1971
- Alejandro Agustín Lanusse - March 22, 1971 to May 25, 1973
- Héctor J. Cámpora - May 25, 1973 to July 13, 1973
- Raúl Alberto Lastiri - July 13, 1973 to October 12, 1973
- Juan Domingo Perón - October 12, 1973 to July 1, 1974
- María Estela Martínez - July 1, 1974 to March 24, 1976
- Jorge Rafael Videla - March 24, 1976 to March 29, 1981
- Roberto Eduardo Viola - March 29, 1981 to December 11, 1981
- Leopoldo Fortunato Galtieri - December 11, 1981 to June 18, 1982
- Reynaldo Bignone - June 18, 1982 to December 10, 1983
- Raúl Alfonsín - December 10, 1983 to July 8, 1989
- Carlos Menem - July 8, 1989 to December 10, 1995
- Carlos Menem - December 10, 1995 to December 10, 1999
- Fernando de la Rúa - December 10, 1999 to December 21, 2001
- Ramón Puerta - December 21, 2001 to December 23, 2001
- Adolfo Rodríguez Saá - December 23, 2001 to December 30, 2001
- Eduardo Camaño - December 30, 2001 to January 1, 2002
- Eduardo Duhalde - January 1, 2002 to May 25, 2003
- Néstor Kirchner - May 25, 2003 to December 10, 2007
- Cristina Fernández - December 10, 2007 to December 10, 2011
- Cristina Fernández - December 10, 2011 to December 9, 2015
- Mauricio Macri - December 10, 2015 to December 10, 2019
- Alberto Fernández - December 10, 2019 to December 10, 2023
- Javier Milei - December 10, 2023 - in office